Impregnating composition for textile materials



Patented Apr. 18, 1944 UNlTED RMPREGNATENG TEXTEE MATE Leo Beer,Padelpliia, Pa.

Ne Drawing. Application April 2 3, 1M3, Serial No. ceases (oi. zet -es)13 Claims.

This invention relates to a method and means for treating textilematerials and has particular relation to a process and a composition forreducing or eliminating the tendency of textile materials to shrink inlaundering, and simultaneously improving the wearing qualities of saidmaterials.

The main object of my present invention consists in treating textilmaterials with acomposition adapted to yield shrlnkproof products ofimproved wearing quality.

Another object of my invention is to reduce or eliminate the tendency oftextile materials to shrink, by means of impregnating solutions ofrelatively low concentration.

A further object of this invention consists in the use of impregnatingsolutions which reduce the tendency of textile materials to shrinkwithoutimpairlng other properties of said materials.

Further objects and the advantages of the present invention will beapparent to those skilled in the art from the following specificationand the appended claims.

It has been known in the art to produce shrinkproof textile materials byintroducing thermosetting formaldehyde condensation products,particularly condensation products of the urea-formaldehyde type intothe textil materials and converting said condensation products intoresinous substances by heating. It has been found, however, that thesecondensation products must be used for the treatment of textiles insolutions of relatively high concentrations in order to obtainshrinkproof effects. Furthermore, incorporation of the condensationproducts in the textile fibers in the corresponding, relatively highamounts, results in deterioration of the wearing properties of thetreated materials, particularly their resistance to abrasion. It hasbeen suggested, therefore, to improve the wearin properties of fiberscontaining urea-formaldehyde resins by the application of rubber latexin mixture with said resins (U. S. Patent No. 2,299,786 of Oct. 27,1942). g

I have now found that the necessity of using urea-formaldehyde typecondensation products in relatively concentrated solutions, and theadherent disadvantage of adversely afiecting certain properties of thetextile material treated, can be avoided by the use of solutionscontaining low amounts of heat-hardenable urea-form- In carrying out mypresent invention, the textile material to be treated is impregnated atordlnary room temperature by causing'it to pass through aqueous liquidcontaining the above described mixture of urea-formaldehyde orureathiourea=formaldehyde condensation product andoctadecyloxymethyl-pyridinium chloride. In the preferred form of myinvention, 1 use an, aqueous solution containing about 2% by weight ofthe urea-formaldehyde type condensation prodnot and about (id-0.6% ofoctadecyboxymethyb pyridlnium chloride. In the treatment of cellulosicmaterials it is advisable to add to the impregnatlng solution a smallamount of a salt of a strong inorganic base, such as sodium orpotassium, and a weak organic acid such as formic, acetic or lactic acidor an acid of similar strength. After passing through th impregnatingsolution, the textile material is squeezed out until it contains about100% by weight of solution based on the weight of the dry startingmaterial. The impregnated material is then dried at a relatively lowtemperature, f. e. at

aldehyde type condensation products in mixture withoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride, with or without the addition ofa catalyst, as specified in the following examples.

about 4070 0., preferably at -70 C., and after drying heated for someminutes, f. e. 5-10 minutes, at l20-130 C. The impregnating solution maypreferably contain a catalyst. I have found that the use of a catalystconsisting of about equal parts of hexamethylenetetramine and a suitableammonium salt, such as ammonium sulfate, is. advantageous, particularlyin the treatment of cellulosic materials.

It has been found that textile materials, such as fabrics, spun goods,filaments, webs, etc. consisting of W001, natural or regeneratedcellulose, cellulose derivatives, such as cellulose acetate, or mixturesof these materials may be successfully treated according to the presentinvention. The

treated textile materials are shrinkproof and they show a substantialimprovement with respect to their wearing qualities and particularlytheir re sistance to abrasion. In the case of woolen materials thetendency .to felt formation is also reduced.

Example I.Woolen stockings are wetted and immersed in an aqueous liquidcontaining in solution 2% by weight of a water-soluble ureaformaldehydecondensation product and 0.6% of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridiniumchloride. The stockings are then squeezed or subjected to centrifugalaction until they contain by weight of liquid based on the dry weight ofthe starting material. They are then dried at about 60- 70 C. andfinally heated for about 5 minutes at -130 C. in a chamber heated bymeans of hot air. If the product thus obtained is subjected to washingwith an aqueous soap solution, it substantially retains its originalshape and dimensions. The resistance to abrasion of the material treatedshows a very substantial increase in comparison to that of the untreatedmaterial. While the latter is rubbed through at 1000 cycles in Taber'stesting machine. the treated material requires 4000 cycles for obtainingthe sam effect under otherwise equal conditions.

Example II.A fabric consisting of 50% wool and 50% of cotton is treatedwith an aqueous liquid containing in 1 liter of the solution Grams Ureathiourea formaldehyde condensation produc l8Octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride '6 sodium formate" 1 Thetreatment of the fabric with liquid and.

the subsequent drying and heating are carried out substantially in themanner described in Example I. The product obtained shows an improvementof the resistance to abrasion of 500 cycles on Taber's testing device incomparison to 350 cycles in the case of the untreated starting material,

Example IV.A cotton fabric consisting of cotton yarn in warp and fillingis impregnated at l8-20 C. with a solution of Grams Urea thioureaformaldehyde condensation product 20 Octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridiniumchloride-.. 4 sodium formate 0.6 Hexamethylenetetramine 0.4Ammoniumsulfate 0.4

in 1 liter of water. The treatment of the fabric is in all respectsidentical with that described in Example I. The product obtained isrubbed through at 850 cycles on the Taber machine in comparison to 600cycles in the case of the untreated material.

Example V.-A fabric consisting of 50% of cotton and 50% of viscose rayonis treated in the manner described in Example I with the followingsolution:

Grams Urea-formaldehyde condensation product- 20Octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride- 3 Hexamethylene tetramine 0.35Aimnonium sulfate 0.4

Sodium lactate 1 dissolved in 1 liter of water. Drying and heatin of theimpregnated fabric are also carried out in the manner described inExample I. .The finished product is rubbed through at 600 cycles in theTaber machine in comparison to 450 cycles in the case of the untreatedstarting material.

The eifect obtained in carrying out my present invention is unobviousbecause the use of an urea-formaldehyde type resin by itself underotherwise similar conditions does not result in a shrink-proof product,and because it could not be expected that deterioration of the textileproduct by the urea-formaldehyde compounds can be prevented by thepresence of the octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride. Moreover, theuse of said resin by itself causes deterioration of properties of thestarting material while the combined use of resin and pyridinium saltunder the conditions of my present invention, results in an improvementof said properties. For example, a rayon fabric, which, in its original,untreated condition, is rubbed through in Tabers testing device at 400cycles, requires only 250 cycles after being treated in the customarymanner with urea-formaldehyde type condensation products. If, however,the same fabric is treated in accordance with the present invention witha mixture of urea-formaldehyde type condensation products andoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride, it will be rubbed through inTaber's testing device at 550 cycles,

The urea condensation products used in carrying out my present inventionare prepared in a manner known per se, f. e. by condensing one mol ofurea or a mixture of urea and thiourea, with 2 mols of formaldehyde to awater-soluble condensation product which is recovered from the aqueoussolution. The figures stated in the above examples relate to the solid,technically pure condensation products.

It will be understood that this invention is not limited to the specificembodiments set forth in the above examples, and the details set forthin these examples, such as the amount of the ingredients used or theirrelative proportions etc, may be varied without departing from thespirit of the invention as defined in the appended claims. a

I claim:

1. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositioncontaining in aque ous solution about 0.3-0.6% by weight ofoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride and about Lil-2.2% by weight ofa thermosetting condensation product selected from the group consistingof urea-formaldehyde and urea-thioureaformaldehyde condensationproducts.

2. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositioncontaining in aqueous solution about 03-05% by weight ofoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride and about 1.8-2.2% by weight ofa thermosetting condensation product selected from the group,

' catalyst consistng of about equal parts of hen-- methylene tetramineand ammonium sulfate.

3. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositioncontaining in aqua ous solution about 0.3-0.6% by weight ofoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride and about 1.8-2.2% by weight ofa thermo-setting ureathiourea-formaldehyde condensation product.

4. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositioncontaining in aque-- materials, said composition containing in aqueoussolution about 0.3-0.6% by weight of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridiniumchloride and about 1.8-2.2% by weight of a thermo-settingureaformaldehyde condensation product.

6. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositionconsisting of 3-6 parts by weight of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridiniumchloride and about 18-22 parts by weight of a thermo-settingurea-formaldehyde condensation product dissolved in one liter of water.

7. An impregnating composition for textile materials, saidcompositioncontaining in aqueous solution about 0.3-0.6% by weight ofoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride and about 13.-2.2% by weight ofa thermo-setting ureaformaldehyde condensation product and a catalystconsisting of about equal parts of hexamethylene tetramine and ammoniumsulfate.

8. An impregnating composition for textile materials said compositioncontaining in aqueous solution about 0.3-0.6% by weight ofoctadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride and about 1.8-2.2% by weight ofa thermo-setting condensation product selected from the group consistingof urea-formaldehyde and urea-thi'oureaformaldehyde condensationproducts, and an alkali salt of a weak organic acid.

9. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositionconsisting of an aqueous solution containing about 2% by weight of athermosetting condensation product selected from the group consisting ofurea-formaldehyde and urea-thiourea-formaldehyde condensation products,and about 0.3-0.6% by weight of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride.

10. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositionconsisting of an aqueous solution containing about 2% by weight ofathermosetting condensation product selected from the group consistingof urea-formaldehyde and urea' thiourea-formaldehyde condensationproducts, about 0.3-0.6% by weight of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridiniumchloride. and about 0.05-0.l% by weight of an alkali salt of a weakorganic acid.

11. An impregnating composition for textile materials, said compositionconsisting of an aqueous solution containing about 2% by weight of athermosetting condensation product selected from the group consisting ofurea-formaldehyde and -urea-thiourea-formaldehyde condensation products,about 0.3-0.6% by weight of octadecyloxymethyl-pyridinium chloride, andabout 0.05- 0.1% by weight of an alkali saltof a weak organic acid, anda catalyst consisting of about.

equal parts of hexamethylene tetramine and ammonium sulfate.

12. A process for the treatment of textile materials, said processconsisting in impregnating the textile material with an aqueous solutioncontaining about 2% by weight of a thermosetting condensation productselected from the group consisting of urea-formaldehyde andureathiourea-formaldehyde condensation products and about 0.3-0.6% byweight of octadecyl-oxymethyl-pyridinium chloride, drying theimpregnated material at a temperature below C.

and heating the dried material at l20-130 C. 13. A process for thetreatment of textile materials, said process consisting in introducinginto the textile material by weight of an aqueous solution containingabout 2% by weight of a. thermosetting condensation product selectedfrom the group consisting of urea-formaldehyde andurea-thiourea-i'ormaldehyde condensation products, about 0.3-0.6% byweight of octadecyloxymethyl-pyridinium chloride, about ODS-0.1% byweight of an alkali salt of a weak organic acid, and a catalystconsisting of about equal parts of hexamethylene tetramine and ammoniumsulfate, drying the impregnated material at 60-70 C. and heating thedried material at -130 C. for 5-10 minutes.

\ LEO BEER.

